Direction-of-arrival (DOA) estimation refers to the process of retrieving thedirection information of several electromagnetic waves/sources from the outputsof a number of receiving antennas that form a sensor array. DOA estimation is amajor problem in array signal processing and has wide applications in radar,sonar, wireless communications, etc. With the development of sparserepresentation and compressed sensing, the last decade has witnessed atremendous advance in this research topic. The purpose of this article is toprovide an overview of these sparse methods for DOA estimation, with aparticular highlight on the recently developed gridless sparse methods, e.g.,those based on covariance fitting and the atomic norm. Several future researchdirections are also discussed.
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